The following various disciplines are represented:
- Actuarial
- Demographics
- Economy & Finance
- Environment & Biodiversity
- Climate change
- Others
- Health & Long-Term Care
- Pandemics
- Others
- Natural Events
- Wind
- Earthquakes & Volcanoes
- Risk Cover
- Risk Management
Actuarial
The Development of Actuarial Science in Tunisia (2018-2022)
- "Rapport pédagogique & scientifique" [FR] | 06.2021 | Author: Dauphine Tunis - PSL |
Financed by the SCOR Foundation, the project is designed to develop training and research in Tunisia, with a view to creating an actuarial community that meets international requirements.
Demographics
Coherent mortality forecasts by cause of death and disability level (2020-2022)
- "Coherent mortality forecasts by cause of death and disability level" - Final Report [EN] | 2022 | Author: Marie-Pier Bergeron-Boucher
Economic, social and public health institutions rely on mortality forecasts to estimate, among other things, health care and disability cost, plan social security policies or estimate the pension cost in an aging population. There is then a demand for valid and coherent forecasts for general mortality, but also for some components of mortality, such as causes of death and disability levels.
To know more:
. Modeling and forecasting healthy life expectancy with Compositional Data Analysis
. Mortality forecasts by age and cause of death: How to forecast both dimensions?
- "Modelling and forecasting healthy life expectancy. A Compositional Data Analysis approach" - Presentation [EN] | 2022 | Authors: Marie–Pier Bergeron–Boucher, Cosmo Strozza, Violetta Simonacci and Jim Oeppen |
Presentation, European Population Conference, Groningen, the Netherlands (July, 2).
- "Modelling and forecasting healthy life expectancy. A Compositional Data Analysis approach" [EN] | 2022 | Author: Marie-Pier Bergeron-Boucher |
Will the extra years of life gained by the increase in life expectancy be lived in good or bad health? As forecasts support social, economic and medical decisions, as well as individuals' choices, there is a clear rationale for forecasting healthy life expectancy. However, only a limited number of models are available to forecast healthy life expectancy. Some require separate forecasts of transition rates for mortality within different health statuses, and of the incidence rate.
- "Mortality forecasts by age and cause of death - How to forecast both components coherently" [EN] | 2020 | Author: Marie-Pier Bergeron-Boucher |
Mortality forecasts by age and cause of death are important for more efficient spending on, for example, health care and medical technology. However, there is a reluctance in including the cause of death dimension to the forecast, as forecasts by cause are confronted with many methodological problems. While some of these problems have been addressed in the last two decades, an important remaining issue with forecasts by cause is their inconsistence with all-causes forecasts.
Risks of death at extreme old ages (2016-2020)
- "Risk of death at oldest ages" [EN] | 2022 | | Author: Linh Hoang Khanh Dang |
An online conference-debate « Risks of death at extreme old ages” has been organized by the SCOR Foundation for Science, on Wednesday, September 28, 2022, with Linh DANG, who received her PhD in Demography at University of Paris Nanterre in 2022. The conference has focused on the mains results obtained from the research project of “Risks of death at extreme old ages”, that points to a deceleration of mortality at very old ages.
- "Risks of death at extreme old ages" - Final Report [FR] | 2021 | Author: Linh Hoang Khanh Dang |
"Risques de décès aux âges extrêmes de la vie » - Several international studies have been conducted recently on mortality after the age of 110 (Maier et al., 2010). Nevertheless, many uncertainties remain. The objective of this research project was to estimate the risks of death beyond the age of 90.
Modelling and forecasting age-specific death rates at older ages (2016-2018)
- "Modelling and Forecasting Mortality" - Final Report [EN] | 2018 | Author: Marius D. Pascariu |
The project was aimed at understanding and modelling mortality evolution using mathematical/demographic models. For the world as a whole, life expectancy has more than doubled over the past two centuries. This transformation of the duration of life has greatly enhanced the quantity and quality of people’s lives. It has fueled an enormous increase in economic output and in population size, including an upsurge in the number of elderly.
Economy & Finance
SCOR-PSE Chair, a research chair in Macroeconomic Risk (2017 - 2023)
- "Intermediation and Voluntary Exposure to Counterparty Risk" [EN] | 10.2017 | Maryam Farboodi |
During the 2019 Young Researcher Award, the selection committee headed by Gilles Saint-Paul, scientific director of the SCOR-PSE Chair, awarded the 2019 prize to Maryam Farboodi, Assistant Professor of Finance at the MIT Sloan School of Management for her paper titled “International and Voluntary Exposure to Counterparty Risk”. In this paper, Maryam develops a model of the financial sector in which endogenous intermediation among debt-financed banks generates excessive systemic risk.
Environment & Biodiversity
SCOR-MNHN Chair, a research chair in Biodiversity and (Re)Insurance (2019-2021)
- "Biodiversity and Re/Insurance: An Ecosystem at Risk” [EN] | 04.2021 | Authors: J. Chandellier and M. Malacain |
Funded by SCOR, SCOR-MNHN Research Chair in Biodiversity and (Re)Insurance aims to assess the current diversity situation and to study the current and potential interactions between biodiversity and (re)insurance, particularly in terms of damage caused and constraints to be imposed.
Health & Long-Term Care
...Pandemics
A One Health Study of Monkeypox: Human Infection, Animal Reservoir, Disease Ecology, and Diagnostic Tools (2020-2024)
- 2022 Interim Report [EN] | 2022 | Authors: Manon Curaudeau, Antoine Gessain & Alexandre Hassanin
In this report, the researchers provided a complete list of African mammal genera (and species) in which MPXV was previously detected and predicted the geographic distributions of all species of these genera based on museum specimens and an ecological niche modelling (ENM) method. Then, they reconstructed the ecological niche of MPXV using georeferenced data on animal MPXV sequences and human index cases and conducted overlap analyses with the ecological niches inferred for 99 mammal species in order to identify the most probable animal reservoir.
- "Monkeypox Outbreak" (Online Conference) [EN] | 2022 | Author: Arnaud Fontanet |
Several cases of indigenous Monkeypox (MKP) infections have recently been reported in several European countries, including in France. Cases have also been reported in the United States, Canada , Australia and Israel. Suspicious cases are being investigated in many other countries. This is an unusual and pressing phenomenon that rises many key questions… and worries
Estimating the impact of the COVID-19 pandemic on breast cancer (2022-2023)
- 2023 Living to 100 Research Symposium (Conference) [EN] | 2023 | Authors: by Dr. Ayşe Arık (joint work with Andrew Cairns, Erengul Dodd, Angus S. Macdonald, George Streftaris) |
In this study we investigate the impact of diagnostic delays on breast cancer (BC) mortality, caused by public health measures introduced as a response to the COVID-19 pandemic. We establish a Markov model based on available data and medical literature for women aged 65–89 years. We quantify age-specific, short-term excess deaths, for a period up to 5 years, along with years of life expectancy lost and change in cancer mortality by cancer stage, based on an assumption relating to declines in breast cancer diagnosis amid the pandemic. Our analysis suggests a 5–8% increase in BC deaths of women, with no BC, across different ages.
Monogenic basis of resistance to SARS-CoV2 and predisposition to severe COVID-19 (2020-2023)
- "Covid-19: First Research Results" [EN] | 2020 | Authors: Jean-Laurent Casanova, Laurent Abel |
Research by the Franco-U.S. team led jointly by Jean-Laurent Casanova and Laurent Abel and supported financially by the SCOR Corporate Foundation for Science could help to identify people at risk of developing a severe form of Covid-19, and thus to provide better care for this patient population.
...Others
POSEIDON Project on Alzheimer’s disease (2013-2022)
- "POSEIDON Project Final Report" [EN] | 2023 | Author: PR Bruno Dubois, Neurologist |
The Poseidon (Phoenix) project is a five-year research project on Alzheimer disease (Jan 2018- Dec 2022). This ambitious project was made possible due to a grant from the SCOR Foundation for Science via the Fondation pour la recherche sur Alzheimer to a research team based in Hospital Pitié-Salpêtrière, Paris, France, in collaboration with other international research centers.
- "POSEIDON Project Report" [EN] | 2022 | Author: Pr Bruno Dubois, IM2A |
The research was conducted mainly in Paris with collaborations with other international research centers. Decades of disappointments in the search for a cure for Alzheimer’s Disease have led the designers of this project to consider that there were far too many shortcuts, oversimplifications and not very well supported assumptions in this field of research. Therefore, is was necessary to generate new scientific data to get a much better knowledge and understanding of the disease.
- "POSEIDON Project on Alzheimer’s disease" [EN-FR] | 2021 | Author: PR Bruno Dubois, Neurologist |
The primary aim of this research program is to identify a precise set of reliable biomarkers (panels) reflecting the underlying pathophysiological pathways from molecular to functional connectivity mechanisms. Such panels provide a systematic and personalized classification of individuals into distinctive biological-functional stages of Alzheimer’s disease (AD), along the continuum.
Tuberculosis (2018-2021)
- "Identifying inborn errors of immunity in tuberculosis (TB) to propose new immune system-restoring treatments of TB" [EN] | 2021 | Author: Dr. Laurent ABEL |
The project was aiming to identify and characterize novel single-gene inborn errors of immunity responsible for childhood and adult TB (tuberculosis). This objective has been achieved by using 1) cutting-edge genome-wide strategies, including, in particular WES (whole exome sequencing) analyses, and 2) in-depth functional studies to validate the genetic variants identified. This strategy has been applied to a unique collection of patients with either childhood or adult TB based on a large international network of collaborations.
- "Human Genetics of Tuberculosis" [EN] | 2022 | Author: Dr. Laurent ABEL |
The hypothesis of the project was that TB results to a large extent from a collection of rare, single-gene inborn errors of immunity, ie diverse variants of genes with a strong impact on immunity during Mtb infection. During these 3 years, we have identified several novel genetic etiologies of TB and/or MSMD.
- “Tuberculosis and impaired IL-23-dependent IFN-γ immunity in humans homozygous for a common TYK2 missense variant” [EN] | Sci Immunol., 2018 December 21 | Author: Laurent ABEL, Jean-Laurent CASANOVA, et al. |
- “Homozygosity for TYK2 P1104A underlies tuberculosis in about 1% of patients in a cohort of European ancestry”[EN] | Proc Natl Acad Sci U S A., 2019 May 21 | Author: Laurent ABEL, Jean-Laurent CASANOVA, et al. |
- “Inherited PD-1 deficiency underlies tuberculosis and autoimmunity in a child” [EN] | Nat Med., 2021 Jun 28 | Author: Laurent ABEL, Jean-Laurent CASANOVA, et al. |
- “Inherited deficiency of stress granule ZNFX1 in patients with monocytosis and mycobacterial disease” [EN] | Proc Natl Acad Sci U S A., 2021 Apr 13 | Author: Laurent ABEL, Jean-Laurent CASANOVA, et al. |
- “Human T-bet Governs Innate and Innate-like Adaptive IFN-γ Immunity against Mycobacteria.” [EN] | Cell., 2020 Dec 23 (available for download on this link from December 23, 2021) starting from 23 December 2021) | Author: Laurent ABEL, Jean-Laurent CASANOVA, et al. |
- “Inherited human IFN-γ deficiency underlies mycobacterial disease” [EN] | J Clin Invest., 2020 Jun 1 | Author: Laurent ABEL, Jean-Laurent CASANOVA, et al. |
- “Genome-wide association study of resistance to Mycobacterium tuberculosis infection identifies a locus at 10q26.2 in three distinct populations.” [EN] | PLoS Genet., 2021 Mar 4 | Author: Laurent ABEL, Jean-Laurent CASANOVA, et al. |
Natural Events
Social Media, Citizen Seismology and Reducing Earthquake Risk (2020-2023)
- Final Report of the EMSC [EN] | 09.23 | Author: Rémy Bossu on behalf of EMSC Team
- "2nd Activity Report of the EMSC" [EN] | 04.2022 | Author: Rémy Bossu on behalf of the EMSC Team |
Social media is leveraged in research conducted by the European-Mediterranean Seismological Centre’s Dr. Rémy Bossu, in Bruyères le Châtel, France. “OMG earthquake!” - Such messages appear on Twitter within seconds of earthquakes felt in California. This illustrates how social media and smartphones have penetrated every aspect of our lives and how they have turned the Internet into the digital nervous system of our planet!
- "Evaluation of macroseismic intensity, strong ground motion pattern and fault model of the 19 July 2019 Mw5.1 earthquake west of Athens" [EN] | 07.2019 | Authors: V. Kouskouna, A. Ganas, M. Kleanthi, I. Kassaras, N. Sakellariou, G. Sakkas, S. Valkaniotis, E. Manousou, G. Bozionelos, V. Tsironi, I. Karamitros, N. Tavoularis, Ch. Papaioannou, R. Bossu |
By providing a wealth of data, a moderate earthquake that occurred near Athens, Greece on July 19, 2019, illustrates how crowdsourced data from EMSC can complement data from seismological networks to better characterize and map earthquake effects. This original research article presents a joint analysis of the instrumental and macroseismic data collected for this earthquake.
Global Earthquake Forecasting System, GEFS (2015-2018)
- "Global Earthquake Forecasting System" [EN] | 10.2017 | Authors: F. Freund - Y. Kamer - G. Ouillon - A. Rau - D. Sanadgol - J. Scoville - D. Sornette (ETH Zurich and GeoCosmo) |
The overall objective of the Global Earthquake Forecast System is to provide a reliable, rigorously tested platform to issue earthquake predictions within the few days or weeks before a large event strikes a vulnerable area. It thus requires to simultaneously process a wide range of physical data provided by different sensors embarked on satellites or located on the ground.
Risk Cover
Effects of Climate Risks on Non-Life Insurers' Resilience (2020-2023)
- "A re-examination of the U.S. insurance market’s capacity to pay catastrophe losses" [EN] | 02.2023 | Authors: G. Dionne, D. Desjardins | Cummins, Doherty, and Lo (2002) present a theoretical and empirical analysis of the capacity of the property liability insurance industry in the U.S. to finance catastrophic losses. Estimating capacity from insurers’ financial statement data, they find that the U.S. insurance industry could adequately fund a $100 billion event in 1997. As a matter of comparison, Hurricane Katrina in 2005 cost the insurance industry $40 to $55 billion (2005 dollars). The main objective of this research is to update their study with new data available up to the end of 2020. It shows that the U.S. insurance industry’s capacity to pay catastrophe losses is higher in 2020 than it was in 1997. For example, insurers could pay 98% of a $200 billion loss in 2020 in comparison to 81% in 1997.” .
Reinsurance demand and liquidity creation (2014-2022)
- "The demand for reinsurance" [EN] | 01.2022 | Authors: D. Desjardins, G. Dionne, N’Golo Koné |
This report analyzes the relationship between insurers’ liquidity creation and reinsurance demand. The objective was to measure the various risks faced by American Non-Life insurers and infer their demand for reinsurance, considering the risk management alternatives available. Early theoretical contributions on liquidity creation propose that financial institutions enhance economic growth by creating liquidity in the economy.
Satellite-based Forage Insurance (2016-2018)
- "Assessing the Feasibility and Development of a Forage Insurance Plan using Satellite-Derived Biophysical Parameters with a Focus on the Provinces of Alberta and Saskatchewan, Canada" [EN] | 03.2018 | Authors: C. Brock Porth, L. Porth, M. Boyd, Ken Seng Tan, Wenjun Zhu |
The overall objective of the research was to develop improved index-based forage insurance products for the Provinces of Alberta and Saskatchewan, to address the current low demand for forage insurance and improve producer risk management. The results of this research show that there are strong correlations in the satellite-based indices compared to the ground truth forage yield data in both Alberta and Saskatchewan.
Risk Management
Compendium of best practices in Risk Management (2018-2022)
- "Large-scale empirical investigation to develop a compendium of best practices to improve the quality of internal risk information transmission within critical industries" [EN] | 05.2023 | Authors: Pr. Didier Sornette and Dr Dmitri Chernov